فصلنامه دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی
پیاپی 84 (تابستان 1400)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on emotional regulation and distress tolerance of addicted women leaving by the mediating role of mindfulness, effective communication and emotional cognitive regulation strategies. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all addicted women leaving in Isfahan city. The sample consisted of 60 women prisoners leaving drugs who were selected based on available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Measurement tools included the Negative Mood Regulation Questionnaire (Catanzaro & Mearns, 1990), the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons & Gaher, 2005) and the Researcher Made Behavioral-Emotional Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance and analysis of variance. Findings showed that dialectical behavior therapy has led to increased emotion regulation skills and tolerance of anxiety in the experimental group (P <0.001), and the effect of this treatment remains until the quarterly follow-up. Also, the mediating role of mindfulness, effective communication and emotional cognitive regulation strategies in post-test was statistically significant (P <0.05).

The aim of this research  is Teaching play therapy  based on the parent – child relationship (Filial Therapy) to mothers of preschool children and and its effects on computers game addiction and aggression in  their children. Statistical population of this research includes all mothers of preschool children with addiction to computer games Were randomly assigned to either experimental or control groups.The instrument used in this research were addiction to commuter games questionnaire (Farhadi (1395), (parents form), and Vahedi et al. (1999), aggression scale of preschool children (parent form). The participants in two stage of pretest and posttest were answered to research instruments.The experimental group subjected to 10 sessions (2 hour), filial therapy education.The results of this research showed that, filial therapy training to mothers were effective to reduce addiction sign to computer games (p<0.01), children aggression (p<0.05), verbal aggression (P <0.01), and impulsive aggression (P <0.05).Accordingly focusing on educations related to parents was recommended as a strategy to reduce children’s extreme tendency to play computer games.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive distortion on self-criticism mediated by personality traits in students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran. The method of this research is correlation and its statistical population is the students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran in 1399. The research sample was 350 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data collection tools were self-critical questionnaires, cognitive distortion and personality traits. The method of data analysis is structural equation modeling. The results showed that the model has an acceptable fit with the data. The results also showed that personality traits and cognitive distortion significantly predict self-criticism. Cognitive distortion has a significant direct effect on self-critical prediction. The indirect effect of cognitive distortion on self-criticism is mediated by positive and significant personality traits. Also, the subscales of extroversion, agreement, openness and conscientiousness have a significant negative effect on self-criticism and neuroticism has a significant positive effect on self-criticism. According to the results obtained in this study, it can be used to reduce self-criticism by reducing cognitive distortions.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of couple therapy based on forgiveness and communication imaging on marital past and positive feelings toward spouse in women with poor marital status. The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The sample size was 75 women who were selected by convenience sampling. Of these, 25 were assigned to experimental group based on forgiveness, 25 to experimental group, and 25 to control group randomly assigned. The research tools used were the Trait Forgiveness Questionnaire (Barry et al., 2005) and the Positive Feelings Questionnaire (Ellier & Trekowitz, 1978). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90-minute training and the experimental group received 9 minutes of forgiveness-based couple therapy. Multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis. Results showed that both post-test approaches had a significant effect on marital forgiveness and positive feelings toward spouse and led to a significant increase in forgiveness and positive feelings toward spouse (P <0.005). Also, there was no significant difference between the two methods of intervention in influencing the dependent variables. According to the findings, each of these approaches is one of the most effective and successful interventions in the field of couple therapy.

Considering the family as the most important social institution and the context for the growth of each individual in society is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral family therapy on general health and marital satisfaction of families with mentally retarded children in Khorramabad city. This research is a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all families with mentally retarded children referred to Khorramabad rehabilitation centers in the summer of 2014. 30 families were selected by sampling in random sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 individuals) And witness (15 people). The general health questionnaire and marital satisfaction questionnaire were used as a pretest, then the experimental group received 12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral family therapy and the control group received no intervention. At the end of the post-test, the data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and covariance analysis. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of experimental and post-cognitive-behavioral family therapy (P<0.05). Mean score of general health and marital satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group Increased.

This research was a quasi -experimental. The statistical population of this study included all high school students in Tabriz, in the academic year of 2018-2019 that 45 students who received the test anxiety diagnosis in accordance with the cutoff score in the Sarason Test Anxiety Questionnaire were selected by multi-stage cluster and targeted sampling and they were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups(15 people per group). All three groups completed the Sarason Test Anxiety Questionnaire (1975) and Solomon & Rothblum's Academic Procrastination (1984) as pre-test and post-test. The first and second experimental groups received 8 metacognitive therapy group sessions and 8 dialectical behavioral therapy group sessions, respectively and the control group did not receive intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariable covariance analysis in SPSS.23 software. The results of covariance analysis showed that metacognitive therapy and dialectical behavior therapy affect on academic proclivity and test anxiety symptoms in students with anxiety disorder (p = 0.001), while meta-cognitive therapy is more effective than dialectical behavioral therapy in improving academic procrastination and test anxiety symptoms in students with test anxiety disorder (p = 0.001).

This study aimed to compare the effect of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population of the study included all-female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. Using a purposive sampling method, 45 of them were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 students in each group). To collect data , the Connors, Erhardt & Sparrow (1999) Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Questionnaire and Anxiety Questionnaire of Bimaher (1997)  were used. The research method was semi experimental with pre-test, post-test design, and follow-up with the control group. The experimental groups underwent dialectical behavior therapy (12 sessions of 60 minutes) and emotional regulation (8 sessions of 45 minutes). The follow-up was inducted after a month period. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that both dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation were effective in reducing the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and students' anxiety (p<0.01). Also, the results of the analysis of covariance indicated that dialectical behavior therapy had a greater effect on reducing symptoms than emotional regulation. Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Student Anxiety Improvement (p<0.05).

The aim of this study was to investigate psychometric properties of quinn program in preschool children. The research method was quasi-experimental and within the framework of a psychometric design. The statistical population of this study included all five year children at Moloud kindergartens in Tehran at the academic year 2017-18. For this purpose, 80 children with their mothers were selected by available sampling. The instrument for the study of the Stanford- Binet Intelligence Scale (Roid, 2005), Q-Set Attachment Security Questionnaire (Waters, 1987), Motivation for Doing Work in Children (Kielhofner & Geist, 1998), Failure Tolerance Questionnaire (Harrington, 2005), and Self- Control Questionnaire (Kendall & Wilcox, 1979). Exploratory Factor Analysis was used for data analysis. The results of data analysis showed that the components of follow of interests self, perseverance, perseverance, Language skills, knowledge/ comprehension, memory, math abilities, spatial visual argumentation, cognitive skills and skills the finite movement were the highest correlation with cognitive factor. The components curiosity, tolerate failure, and self-control with motivational factor; and attachment with communicational factor were correlated. The three cognitive, motivational and communication factors explain 71.37 percentage of the total variance. Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and therapists can use the Quinn program for improve the cognitive, motivational and communicative factors of children.

This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was whole high schools of Baneh' city that selected three schools by cluster random sampling method. After screening, 7 male teenage students with self-harming behavior were interviewed.The main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed by inductive qualitative content analysis method. The validity of this study was rooted in four pillars: "Credibility, Transmissibility, Confidentiality and Confidence." The six of intrinsic were extracted and in the three main categories, including the type of guilty and shameful feelings, the sources of transferring feelings of guilt and shame and the consequences of the transfer of feeling guilty and shame were categorized. The Kind of thoughts (expectations) and negative behaviors of parents played a key role in the formation of negative emotions such as guilt and shame of adolescents and their tendency towards Self-mutilation behavior.

The purpose of this research was to compare emotion understanding and emotion regulation between children with and without sibling. Research method was casual-comparative and statistic population consisted of 4-6 years old children who were present in kindergartens of Tehran city in 2017. From among them, 60 children were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling and matched based on age and sex. Data collection instruments included “emotion matching task” (Izard, Haskins, Schultz, Trentacosta & King, 2003), “emotion situation production task” (Wang, Hutt, Kulkofsky, McDermott & Wei, 2006) and “emotion regulation checklist” (Shields & Cicchetti, 1997). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that children with sibling, scored significantly higher than only children on emotion understanding and its subscales (emotion situation knowledge, expressive emotion knowledge and receptive emotion knowledge) (p<0.05). They also scored significantly lower than only children on “lability/negativity” subscale of “emotion regulation checklist” (p<0.05) which indicates more balanced emotional reactions. The result of this study suggested that growing up with sibling during preschool years provides unique opportunity for improving children emotional competencies.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction mediating by self-esteem and perceived social support. The research design was a structural equation modeling relationship. This study was carried out with 153 students selected through convenience sampling method from seventh to ninth grade female students (First High School) in Arak. To measure the variables, Loneliness Questionnaire (LQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the research hypotheses. In order to verify the model's fit, CR, Cronbach's alpha and average variance extracted (AVE) were reported, that indicate the model's reliability. In the structural equation model, direct relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction was not confirmed; therefore self-esteem and social support play a full mediating role in relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction in the structural equation model (P<0.01)

The aim of this research was to develop, validate, and standardize the Rationality-Emotionality Test and studying its relationship with decision-making ability in Maskan Bank staff. At first, a list of appropriate behaviors to measure the desired characteristics were prepared. After confirming the content validity, in order to aware and inhibit the probable problems, 50 people completed the questionnaire and highlighted unclear phrases and words. Then, some of the items were deleted or modified and the final test was prepared. 1024 persons of Maskan Bank staff answered Rationality-Emotionality Test and Decision-Making Scale. The data analyzed by Lisrel software, and descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and exploratory factor analysis were calculated. The findings showed that the developed test measures four factors called: personal control, affective impression, patience, and neuroticism. By Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the whole test was 0.86 and for personal control, affective impression, patience, and neuroticism was 0.78, 0.69, 0.65 and 0.63 respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the test were 67.002 and 12.63 respectively. According to the reliability and validity, it can be said that the Rationality-Emotionality Test is an appropriate tool for measuring the level of rationality or emotionality of individuals.

The necessity of identifying the factors affecting the quality of the relationship with the spouse's family has always been of interest to the family's specialists. The present study was designed to predict the role of quality of relationship based on marital intimacy and main family health. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The study population consisted of married women and men in Tehran during the period of  2016-17, 250 of them were selected by sampling method. Data were collected using Marital Intimacy questionnaire (Walker & Thompson, 1983) The Health of The Main Family (Yeshtat and others, 1985), the Relationship With The Wife's Family (Cheraghi, 1393), were collected. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and inter regression analysis. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the family's main health and marital intimacy with the quality of the relationship with the spouse's family(P<0/01). Also, the results of regression analysis showed that marital intimacy and family health can explain 26% of the quality of the relationship with the spouse's family. in forming the quality of the relationship with the spouse's family, marital intimacy, and the family's primary health, plays a very important role. Therefore, the need for more attention to these factors in the consolidation of the family is fundamental.

The aim of this study was evaluating the model of variables affecting brand love and commitment and its impact on brand loyalty, willingness to pay more and word of mouth in smart phone users. The research design was a relational and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all smartphone users. For sampling, 180 students of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, who were users of smart phones with Apple, Samsung and Huawei brands, were selected by simple random sampling. Assessment tools included questionnaires of brand love (Unal & Aydin, 2013), brand experience (Brakus et al, 2009), brand trust (Delgado-Ballester et al, 2003), brand identification (Lam et al, 2010), commitment to Brand (Fullerton, 2005), brand loyalty (Japutra & Molinillo, 2017) and willingness to pay more (Chaudhuri & Ligas, 2009). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there are significant relationships between the variables of brand experience, diversity, brand image, brand social self and brand trust with brand love, and between the variables of brand social self and brand trust with brand commitment (p < 0.05). The results also showed that there are significant relationships between diversity, brand trust, brand love and brand commitment with brand loyalty, between love and brand commitment with a desire to pay more, and between brand love with word of mouth (P <0.05).

This research was conducted in a mixed method, in order to promote the positive organizational behaviors of agricultural extension experts through psychological empowerment. In the qualitative section, interviews were conducted with 16 experts of agricultural extension, using purposive sampling method. By analyzing the content of the interviews, using MAXQDA12 software, indices of psychological empowerment including Meaning, Competency, Impact, Choice, Trust and positive organizational behaviors including sharing job experience behavior, Innovative career behavior, behavior related to maintenance and development of professional values, behavior of improving quality of agricultural extension Services, behavior of improving agricultural extension agility, and behavior of improving Public trust in agricultural extension  were derived in the form of a conceptual model. In the quantitative section, the statistical population of the study consisted of experts of agricultural extension in the whole country in 1397, among which 192 experts of agricultural extension were selected by stratified sampling method. The data collection instrument was a researcher's developed questionnaire of psychological empowerment and positive organizational behaviors. Finally, data analysis was done by SPSS and Smart PLS software. The results showed that psychological empowerment has role in promoting positive organizational behaviors. In general, the psychological empowerment explains 48.8% of the changes in positive organizational behavior of agricultural extension experts. The value of Q2 was 0.180 for positive organizational behavior construct, which supports the suitability of prediction model for the endogenous structure of positive organizational behavior of agricultural extension experts.